What's a "risk-on" vs. "risk-off" market environment?

Been hearing these terms thrown around a lot lately but never really understood the difference.

How do you actually tell when we’re in a risk-on versus risk-off environment? What should I be watching for in the markets?

In a risk-on environment, investors seek higher returns, leading to rising stock prices. In risk-off, they prefer bonds and gold for safety.

Risk on means investors chase higher yields like AUD and emerging markets while avoiding safe havens such as USD and JPY.

Risk off is the reverse. Economic trouble leads money back to safe currencies.

I typically monitor AUDUSD and USDJPY to gauge market sentiment.

I track this through price action on specific pairs and assets.

Money flowing into stocks, commodities, and higher-yielding currencies (AUD, NZD, CAD) means risk on. EUR/USD climbs too since traders dump dollars for better yield.

Risk off flips it. Yen and franc pairs spike as everyone runs to safety. Gold rallies, bond yields drop.

I watch VIX - below 20 usually means risk on, above 25 means traders are getting nervous.

Correlation trades are massive during these shifts. When risk off hits, everything moves together. Carry trades unwind fast and you get those brutal yen spikes that’ll wreck your account if you’re on the wrong side.